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Dyer Daniel Lum〔 (1839 – April 6, 1893) was a 19th-century American anarchist labor activist and poet. A leading anarcho-syndicalist and a prominent left-wing intellectual of the 1880s, he is remembered as the lover and mentor of early anarcha-feminist Voltairine de Cleyre.〔 Lum was a prolific writer who wrote a number of key anarchist texts, and contributed to publications including ''Mother Earth'', ''Twentieth Century'', ''Liberty'' (Benjamin Tucker's individualist anarchist journal), ''The Alarm'' (the journal of the International Working People's Association) and ''The Open Court'' among others. Following the arrest of Albert Parsons, Lum edited ''The Alarm'' from 1892–1893. Traditionally portrayed as a "genteel, theoretical anarchist", Lum has recently been recast by the scholarship of Paul Avrich as an "uncompromising rebel thirsty for violence and martyrdom" in the light of his involvement in the Haymarket affair in 1886. ==Life== Lum was a descendent of the Tappan family; his grandfather was a Revolutionist. In hopes of bringing about the end of slavery, he volunteered to fight on the Union side in the American Civil War.〔 He served as adjunct in the Fourteenth New York cavalry, and later as a brevet captain, fighting in the Red River Campaign.〔 A bookbinder by trade, he became active in the labor movement in the aftermath of the war, served as secretary to Samuel Gompers 〔 and ran for lieutenant governor of Massachusetts on the ticket of abolitionist Wendell Phillips in 1876.〔 He became widely known in 1877 after a period traveling across the country as secretary to a congressional committee appointed to "inquire into the depression of labor."〔 Between 1880 and 1892, he was an advocate of violence and trade unionism,〔 and in later years was "the moving spirit of the American group" which worked for the commutation of Alexander Berkman's sentence for the latter's attempted assassination of Henry Clay Frick.〔 Lum committed suicide in 1893 after suffering from severe depression,〔 although at the time the cause of death was reported in the anarchist press as "fatty degeneration of the heart."〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Dyer Lum」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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